大芯径低损耗多模反谐振空芯光纤的设计
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北京交通大学

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TN253

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中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(NO. 2024JBZY021)


Design of Large-core Low-Loss Multimode Anti-Resonant Hollow-Core Fiber
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1.Bei;2.Beijing Jiaotong University

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    摘要:

    空芯反谐振光纤(HC-ARF)凭借高激光损伤阈值与低非线性特性,成为高功率激光传能系统的理想传输介质。本文旨在探讨适用于1064 nm波段的低损耗多模HC-ARF的设计,空芯光纤选择四种典型的包层嵌套管结构:椭圆ARF-1、负水滴ARF-2、正水滴ARF-3及圆形ARF-4,在固定部分结构参数的前提下,通过参数扫描嵌套管数量N、尺寸及曲率相关的结构参数,分析结构参数与模式限制损耗(Confinement Loss,CL)的关系。并且比较了芯径等主要结构参数相同的前提下,四种类型光纤所支持的低损耗模式数量。研究结果表明:四种结构光纤均在嵌套管数量N = 8时整体呈现最低的平均模式限制损耗,光纤ARF-1和ARF-2在N = 6时基模限制损耗最低,低至1×10-7 dB/m,光纤ARF-3和ARF-4在N = 5时基模损耗最低,低至1×10-6 dB/m;进一步对比分析发现,芯区半径为35 μm条件下,随着嵌套管数量增加,空芯光纤支持模式数量递增,其中光纤ARF-1 和ARF-3在支持低损耗多模(即:CL < 0.1 dB/m)传输方面具有突出优势,尤其是正水滴结构嵌套管光纤ARF-3,在N = 10时所支持的空间模式数量高达58。研究成果为大芯径低损耗空芯反谐振光纤的结构优化和设计提供了理论依据和设计指导。

    Abstract:

    Hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF), with its high laser damage threshold and low nonlin-earity characteristics, has emerged as an ideal transmission medium for high-power laser energy transmission systems. This paper aims to explore the design of a low-loss multimode HC-ARF suitable for the 1064 nm wavelength band. The hollow-core fiber selects four typical cladding nested tube structures: elliptical ARF-1, negative waterdrop ARF-2, positive waterdrop ARF-3, and circular ARF-4. With some structural parameters fixed, the relationship between structural pa-rameters and confinement loss (CL) is analyzed by conducting parameter scans on the number of nested tubes (N), size, and curvature-related structural parameters. Furthermore, the number of low-loss modes supported by the four types of fibers is compared under the premise of identical major structural parameters such as core diameter. The research results indicate that all four fiber structures exhibit the lowest overall average mode confinement loss when the number of nested tubes N = 8. Fibers ARF-1 and ARF-2 demonstrate the lowest fundamental mode confinement loss at N = 6, reaching as low as 1×10?? dB/m, while fibers ARF-3 and ARF-4 show the lowest fundamental mode loss at N = 5, reaching as low as 1×10?? dB/m. Further comparative analysis reveals that, under the condition of a core radius of 35 μm, as the number of nested tubes increas-es, the number of modes supported by the hollow-core fiber also increases. Among them, fibers ARF-1 and ARF-3 exhibit outstanding advantages in supporting low-loss multimode (i.e., CL < 0.1 dB/m) transmission. In particular, the positive waterdrop-structured nested tube fiber ARF-3 sup-ports up to 58 spatial-modes when N = 10. The research findings provide a theoretical basis and design guidance for the structural optimization and design of large-core, low-loss hollow-core an-ti-resonant fibers.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-15
  • 最后修改日期:2025-11-27
  • 录用日期:2025-12-18
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