针对大气信道下远距离通信，高斯光束受大气湍流信道影响，导致接收耦合能量低的问题，提出了一种适用于大气湍流信道的高斯光斑空间传输的高效耦合方法。该方法从高斯光斑光强、闪烁指数分布特性的角度出发，通过监测光强与闪烁指数的统计数值作为反馈，控制发射端抑制湍流引起的光强闪烁，实现了光束的高效耦合，提升通信系统性能。 并通过搭建1km激光通信试验进行验证，结果表明：根据信道闪烁监测调整终端后，平均光强从19.63μW增加至24.91μW，闪烁指数从0.140降低至0.088，通信误码率从1.27E-6降低到1.07E-10，通信误码率在弱湍流条件下改善了4个数量级。该方法能够有效提升大气激光通信系统的性能，为大气激光通信系统的推广与应用奠定基础。

In the context of long-distance communication in atmospheric channels, the Gaussian light beam is impacted by atmospheric turbulence, leading to the problem of low energy coupling at the receiver. In order to solve this problem, a highly efficient coupling method for Gaussian beam spatial transmission in turbulent atmospheric channels is proposed. This method takes into account the distribution characteristics of Gaussian beam intensity and scintillation index. By monitoring statistical values of intensity and scintillation index as feedback, the emission end is controlled to suppress turbulence-induced intensity scintillation, achieving efficient coupling of the optical beam and enhancing communication system performance. Validation was conducted through a 1 km laser communication experiment. The results indicate that after adjusting the terminal based on scintillation monitoring, the average optical power increased from 19.63 μW to 24.91 μW. The scintillation index decreased from 0.140 to 0.088, and the communication bit error rate dropped from 1.27E-6 to 1.07E-10. Under weak turbulence conditions, the communication bit error rate decreases by four orders of magnitude. This way effectively enhances the performance of atmospheric laser communication systems, laying the foundation for the widespread adoption and application of atmospheric laser communication systems.

TN929.1

吉林省重大科技专项课题“高速轻型激光通信组网终端研发”（20230301002GX）、科技部国家重点研发计划“星间激光通信测量一体化系统技术”（2022YFB3902500）、科技部国家重点研发计划“海面及空海激光通信信道特征与高速激光通信技术”（2022YFB2903402）、科技部国家重点研发计划“高温超导单光子探测器激光通信应用验证”（2021YFA0718804）、吉林省教育厅项目（JJKH20220745KJ）、吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目（QT202102）