Most high dynamic range imaging methods suffer from uneven brightness, texture loss, and color distortion in the fused images. To address this problem, a high dynamic imaging method based on perceptual a priori and component enhancement is proposed. Based on the perceptual prior, image enhancement is performed on multi-exposure images to retain more texture information and color realism; the luminance component is enhanced by introducing an attention-gating mechanism and a feature extraction operation, and a joint encoder-decoder network enhances the chrominance component. The improved luminance and chrominance components are fused to obtain the final combined image. The experimental data are selected from a sequence of multi-exposure images containing a variety of complex scenes, and the results show that this paper's method achieves a visual information fidelity of 0.8268 and a multi-exposure fusion structure similarity of 0.9476. Compared with the fusion images obtained by other methods, the details of this paper's approach are more precise, the image information is more affluent, it is more in line with the human eye's visual perception, and the fusion effect is better.