The optical power loss of optical fibers is the key factor t o confine the high-rate large capacity optical fiber communication system.The purpose of this research is to develop a kind of low-loss single-mode optical fiber for the 100Gbit/s high-rate long-span o ptical fiber communicat ion systems.In this paper,the international research progress of the low-loss optical fibers is formulated.Then the reali zing ways to achieve low-loss optical fiber are analyzed in theory,and the low-loss optical fibers are massive ly manufactured with our patents of independent intellectual property.The optical fiber products have premier atten uation performance,and their typical attenuation coefficients are 0.317dB/km and 0.182dB/km,0.195dB/km at 1〖KG － 1/6〗310nm,1550nm and 1625nm wavelen gth, respectively.Their key specifications are much better than the pres cript ive values of the ITU-T fiber standard. The experiments of 100Gbit/s high-data-rate transmission show that the low-l oss optical fiber could transmit 5% to 18.8% distance longer than the co mmon single-mode optical fibers,and the communication link systems with distributed Raman amplifiers (DRAs) could extend 30% distance longer than those without DRAs.The experimental results and analysis show that the novel low-loss optical fibers have superior transmission performance for high-rate long-span large-capacity optical fiber communication system,and can meet the developing requirements of 100Gbit/s optical fiber communication system.