A method for synthetic aperture passive millimeter wave imaging based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fiber is proposed.In the system of the passive millimeter wave imagi ng,a single-sideband signal carrying the amplitude and phase information of the millimeter wave is acquired in each link. In this scheme,the single-sideband suppressed-carrier modulation of the millim eter wave signal is achieved by using SBS in fiber to suppress a sideband of the modulated millimeter wave signal and to amplify anoth er.Apparently,this technique realizes electro-optic modulation and up-conversion of the millimeter wave.Furthermore ,optical filtering and amplification of the single sideband are demonstrated.Compared with traditional up-converted approac he s,the sparse aperture passive imaging based on SBS is discussed theoretically.In additio n,the viability of this scheme is rigorously analyzed.Experimental results demonstrating the viability of this sch eme are presented.Therefore,compared with traditional approaches,this scheme is simpler and more competitive.As the ampl ification of the single-sideband signal′s power,this system based on SBS could be used to achieve the image of the millimeter wave with lower power.